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2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

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J. N. DOUGLASS.

BURNER FOR GAS 0R OIL.

Patented Dec. 18. 1883-.

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BURNER FOR GAS 0R OIL.

Patented Dec. 18, 1883.

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JAMES N. DOUGLASS, OF DULVIGH, COUNTY OF SURREY, ENGLAXD.

BURNER FOR GAS OR OlL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 290,545, dated December18, 1883.

Application filed January 5. 1882. (X0 model.) Patented in EnglandJanumw' T, 1881, No. 84; in France February 2, 1881, No. 140,927; inBelgium March 11, 1881. No. 54,080; in Italy March 17, 1881, No. 2,533;in Ganada April :20, 1881, No. 12,657; in Victoria April 20, 1881, No.52,998; in Cape of Good Hope Apr-i125, 1881 No. 386; in South AustraliaApril 25, 1881; in New Zealand May 6, 1881, N0. oil; in New South ValesJune 14, 1881; in Austria June 21, 1881, No. 8,359; in Queensland June30, 1881; in Germany July 20, 1881, No. 16,822; in Portugal October '7,1881, No. 695; in Spain November 4,1881. No. 41,043; in \VesternAustralia. December 23, 1881; in India February 18,1882: in HongKongJune 5, 188?; in Sweden August 29, 1882, and

in Denmark October 19, 188:1

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, JAMES N. DOUGLASS, of Dnlwich, in the county ofSurrey, England, have in ented certain new and useful Improvements inBurners, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

The invention has for its object improvements in oil and gas burnershaving two or more rings or ring-chambers when oil is used and two ormore perforated rings when gas is used, the ring-chambers beingconnected with deflectors constructed and employed as hereinafterdescribed, and the combination produc ing in each case aburnerofagreatly-improved character as compared with those hitherto used. I

The invention consists in the arrangement of an outer deflectorsurrounding the burner and lower part of the flames, one or more ofwhich it covers, and in connection with this deflector is a deflectinggas-chimney, both deflector and chimney being so formed as to force theouter flame or flames onto the inner flame or flames, and thus tocondense the flames to the re qnisite extent, and to deflect onto theinternal and external surfaces of each of the flames the whole or nearlythe whole of the ascending currents of air, and in such a manner as toinvigorate the combustion of the flames and augment the intensity oftheir light, these deflectors being used with concentric flame rings orchambers arranged to form a conical burner.

The invention also includes the means of employing one or more of therings of flame with perfect combustion, and thus decreasing orincreasing the intensity of the light with out any alteration in theexternal form or dimensions, which is a matter of great importance whenthe light is employed in combination with optical apparatus.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a sectional view of myimproved burner for six rings of flame. Fig. 2 is a sectional View,

showing the same arrangement applied to an oiLburner, and where threerings only are employed. Fig. 8 shows my improved burner with twodeflecting-rings; and Fig. 4 shows burner with three, the downwardly-proect" ing and flaring enlargement of the chimney serving as one of thedeflecting-rings.

A are concentric rings of oil and gas chamhers.

B is the deflector, which may be formed, as in Fig. 3, with two rings,or with three or more rings or partitions, as in Figs. 1, 2, and 4.

O is the deflecting glass chimney, of less diameter than the outermostof the concentric rings of burners.

D, Fig. 1, shows flames at full intensity, and E, Fig. 2, flames atdecreased intensity, with the three alternate rings only employed.

To decrease the intensity of the light of the oilburner shown in Fig. 2,without altering its external form or dimensions, one or more of theinner rings of flame are extinguished by lowering their wicks within thewick-chamhers by the usual racks and pinions provided for this purpose,and to increase the intensity of the light thus reduced the wicks areraised to theirrcqui red level, and are united by the adjacentinwardly-deflected outer flame or flames.

To decrease the intensity of the light of a gasburner without alteringits external form or dimensions, one or more of the inner rings of flameare extinguished by shutting off the sup ply of gas by the usual cocksor valves provided for the purpose, and to increase the intensity of thelight thus reduced these cocks or valves are opened and the ascendinggas is ignited, as before described for the wicks of the oil-burner, bythe adjacent inwardlydeflected outer flame or flames. The concentrichollow rings A are those, as ordinarily constructed, between which theair and oxygen pass to the interior andexterior of the innerflame orflames and to the exterior of the outer flame, as shown. The outer ringis lowest with respect to the others, and each ring terminates slightlyabove the next outer, so that the inner ring is the highest, and thecombined rings form a burner of conical form.

By this my invention highly condensed and compressed flames areproduced, differing in this respect from any burner hitherto used. Therequisite condensation or compression is effected by having thedeflector B constructed so as to sufficiently overlap one or more of theouter rings and flames of the burner. This deflector causes the maximumquantity of air and oxygen to be conducted up to the outer flames andforced onto them at the proper points of combustion, thereby condensingthem, as shown, and thus producing perfect combustion. The deflector Bisformed of one or more rings or partitions, the number being increased ordecreased when alarger or smaller number of rings forming the burner Aare employed, so that, by means of such deflectors acting in combinationwith the glass chimney 0, air and oxygen are delivered to the flames atthe proper points, so as to cause them to converge and to condense andto compress them, as shown, and thus produce perfect combustion.

In Fig. 4 a chimney having a downwardlyprojecting and flaringenlargement, a, forming a deflector, is shown, in Figs. 1, 2, and 3, astraight deflecting cylindrical chimney, which rests on lugs,projections, or brackets formed or cast on the outer surface of thedeflector B. A curved chimney could'be used with the ar-' rangementshown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3.

It is to be observed that a very important advantage as regards bothefficiency and economy is obtainedby the use of my improvements inburners, because the temperature of the glass chimney is-considerablyless than I am aware that a conical burner formed of a series ofconcentric rings is not new, and I am also aware that a series ofconcentric de- 5 flectors surrounding an ordinary Argand burner is old,and I am further aware that air has been deflected to the flame innearly a horizontal position and at different heights, and I thereforedo not claim such, broadly; but

"What I do claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The combination, with a conical burner, formed of a series of ringsterminating one abovethe other, of a series of concentric and flaringdeflecting-rings surrounding and over lapping one or more of theconcentric rings of the burner, and a chimney of less diameter than theoutermost of the concentric rings of burners, substantially as hereinshown and de scribed, whereby the whole series of flames are deflectedtoward the center of the burner, insuring perfect combustion andincreasing the intensity of their light, as set forth.

2. The combination, with a conical burner formed of a series ofconcentric rings, A, terminating one above the other, of the series ofconcentric and flaring rings B and the chimney 0, provided withthedownwardly-project 7o ing and flaring enlargement a, the said rings andenlargement forming a series of deflectors overlapping one at least ofthe outer concentric rings, A, substantially as and for the purpose setiorth.

The above specification signed by me this 22d day of October, 1881.

JAS. N. DOUGLASS. [n s] \Vitnesses:

.AUG. SPICAUD, ROBERT II. J. COMERFORD, Clerks to illessra, Oomeiford(it 00., Notaries Public, London.

